Documents
Category:
Safety
Note: counts do not include items in sub-categories
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Land Use Issues of Wind Turbine Generator Sites- Ice Throw
January 19, 2004
by Otsego County Planning Commission White Paper
Ice throw is a concern related to the fact that any object at the end of the rotating blades is
traveling at a high rate of speed. In the case of a 60 meter turbine (about 200’ diameter), rotating
at 20 RPM, the tip of the blade is traveling at just over 140 mph. If the turbine diameter
increases to 80 meters, the tip speed increases to just over 187 mph. There are reports of ice
having accumulated at the tip of the turbine and upon breaking loose, traveling significant
distance......
3.8 Health & Safety
Affected Environment, Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures
"A number of comments submitted for the scoping process for the Desert Claim project EIS addressed concerns relating to potential health and safety issues. Specific topics indicated in these comments included certain possible hazards that are uniquely associated with wind turbines, such as blade throw and ice throw; health and safety issues associated with electrical and magnetic fields; more common hazards such as fire; and the incidence and impacts of shadow flicker, another phenomenon specific to wind turbines. Section 3.8 addresses these wide-ranging health and safety topics that have been identified as concerns for the environmental review. "
Risk Of Wind Turbine Ice Throw & Required Safety Setbacks, etc
December 31, 2003
by Catharine Lawton
Catharine Lawton's letter to the attorney representing Addison Wind Energy on the developer's failure to represent accurately a number of the dangers associated with icing of the blades of industrial wind turbines.
U.S. Dept. of Transportation (FAA): Advisory Circular- Obstruction Marking and Lighting
August, 2000
by Air Traffic Airspace Management
ADVISORY CIRCULAR: AC 70/7460-1K Obstruction Marking
and Lighting-- This change amends the Federal Aviation Administration’s (FAA)
standards for marking and lighting structures to promote aviation safety. This change is effective August 1, 2000.....A sponsor proposing any type of construction or
alteration of a structure that may affect the National
Airspace System (NAS) is required under the
provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations (14
CFR part 77) to notify the FAA by completing the
Notice of Proposed Construction or Alteration form
(FAA Form 7460-1). The form should be sent to the
FAA Regional Air Traffic Division office having
jurisdiction over the area where the planned
construction or alteration would be located.
"This paper provides an overview of the issues affecting wind turbine operations in cold weather
with a special emphasis given on atmospheric conditions prevailing in the Northeast United
States. The first section describes previous and more recent wind energy projects in cold weather
areas. In the second section, environmental elements most likely to impact on the operation of
wind turbines in cold weather are introduced: low temperatures, icing and snow. It also presents
various climatic situations and their specific behavior in cold weather. The third section suggests
some solutions to problems identified in the previous section. In addition, this paper suggests
ideas of further research on the operation of wind turbines in cold climate. It also identifies
organizations interested by similar issues whose cooperation would be beneficial."
Assessment of Safety Risks Arising from Wind Turbine Icing
April 2, 1998
by Colin Morgan, Erwin Bossanyi & Henry Seifert
"Developers and owners of wind turbines have a duty to ensure the safety of the general
public and their own staff. However, there are currently no guidelines for dealing with
potential dangers arising from ice thrown off wind turbines. This puts developers,
owners, planning authorities and insurers in a difficult position. To rectify this situation,
the work presented here has commenced in order to produce an authoritative set of
guidelines. Initial work has resulted in the development of a risk assessment
methodology which has been used to demonstrate that the risk of being struck by ice
thrown from a turbine is diminishingly small at distances greater than approximately
250 m from the turbine in a climate where moderate icing occurs."
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